Dipartimento di Studi Umanistici - Tesi di Dottorato

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Start date: 2019End date: 2019

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    La letteratura weird
    (2019) Corigliano, Francesco; De Gaetano, Roberto; Ganeri, Margherita
    The thesis is a study on the weird fiction, a particular type of speculative fiction. The survey is based on two inquiries: a tentative of definition of the weird fiction itself, and an investigation about the evolution of the fantastic between the XIX and XX centuries. The first chapter analyses different theoretical positions about the fantastic (primarily by C. Todorov and R. Ceserani) and about the weird (especially in the works by the critics S. T. Joshi and M. Fisher). The result is an analytic proposal: the weird fiction is a literary mode specific for the supernatural narrative, an evolution of the “fantastic” developed under the influence of Modernism and strongly linked to its cultural and aesthetic references. The thesis then proceeds with a discussion on the works of weird fiction authors, investigating how the fantastic turned in weird in three different literary and cultural contexts. The second chapter examines the narrative works by H. P. Lovecraft, delving also into his critical position about the supernatural fiction. The third chapter focuses on S. Grabiński and his short tales heavily influenced by Decadentism. The fourth chapter studies the fiction written by J. Ray and how it is related to a research of innovation in the speculative fiction. Through these examples, the thesis defines the weird as a literary mode specific for the narration of supernatural themes, based on continuous omissions and allusions that constantly flip over the perception of reality.
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    Alle origini della drammaturgia rinascimentale: due commedie di area mantovana
    (2019) Mallamaci, Stefania Giovanna; De Gaetano, Roberto; Ordine, Nuccio
    La tesi Alle origini della drammaturgia rinascimentale: due commedie di area mantovana consiste nell’indagine della fase inaugurale della drammaturgia comica rinascimentale, attraverso l’analisi di due commedie che si collocano nel quinquennio a cavallo tra il Quattrocento e il Cinquecento: Li sei contenti di Galeotto Del Carretto (probabilmente 1499) e il Formicone di Publio Philippo Mantovano (probabilmente 1503). Nonostante si pongano nel periodo aurorale di una stagione gloriosa della storia letteraria italiana ̶ quale è quella della commedia cinquecentesca ̶ i due testi sono infatti ad oggi poco conosciuti. Ritenendo le due opere provenienti dal medesimo milieu intellettuale (ovvero quello gravitante intorno alla corte mantovana di Isabella d’Este e Francesco II Gonzaga), nel lavoro di tesi si è proposto un confronto tra i due testi, che erano stati invece sin qui letti in maniera indipendente. Di entrambe le opere è stata redatta un’edizione commentata in cui vengono approfonditi i rapporti intrattenuti con il contesto di provenienza, con le rispettive fonti e il ruolo che le due pièces rivestono nel panorama drammaturgico quattro-cinquecentesco. La conclusione che emerge dal lavoro è che ne Li sei contenti e nel Formicone si trovano, rispettivamente, anticipate e fondate le due anime, spesso intrecciate, della commedia del Cinquecento: quella novellistico-boccaccesca da un lato e quella fondata sulla rivitalizzazione dei modelli plautino-terenziani dall’altra. Per questa ragione si propone, dunque, che le due opere vengano oggi riscoperte, al fine di comprendere più approfonditamente i complessi e ibridi primi anni del Cinquecento, osservando in fieri la genesi della drammaturgia rinascimentale.
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    Non chiedetemi chi sono: il chiasmo del soggetto tra Jacques Lacan e Michel Foucault
    (2019) Guadagni, Giulia; De Gaetano, Roberto; Cimatti, Felice
    This dissertation is about the roles played by Jacques Lacan and Michel Foucault in the philosophical debate about the issue of the subject, which involved many philosophers in the Twentieth century. The first chapter opens on the earlier articles that Foucault wrote on psychology and psychoanalysis. Then, I resume the main elements of the Lacanian theory of language. The next two paragraphs focus on two elements that they have in common: anti-naturalism and anti-psychologism. The second part of the chapter is directly dedicated to the issue of the subject. Firstly, I consider Foucault’s statements about that, then I specify which “subject” is the one involved in the “question”, and finally I concentrate on the structuralist operation on the philosophical concept of foundation. Then, I expose in detail the Foucauldian and Lacanian thesis about the subject. It is the first part of the chiasmus: both authors aimed to avoid the reference to transcendental subject and to the identity of consciousness, but while Lacan maintained a subverted subject in his psychoanalytical theory, Foucault didn’t. In the second chapter I analyze some of the occasions of direct debate between them. Firstly, I show how Lacan put his theory in opposition to philosophy, accusing philosophers of a general idealism (including Foucault, as it emerges in the Lacanian lessons about Las Meninas). Then I make a comparison between Lacanian realism of the structure and Foucauldian methodological nominalism. I argue that we cannot understand them without referring to their common refusal of considering language as a system of nomenclature. Only from this Saussurian perspective it is possible to understand the status of reality of the signifiers and of the discursive practices. The last chapter goes back to the question of the subject. In the first paragraph I consider the Foucauldian thesis according to which truth is always a system of obligations, and I expose its consequences. Then, I highlight the equivalence between the Lacanian formulas “I, truth, speak” and “There is no metalanguage”. Considering language as a cut and a cancer, Lacan found himself closed in a trap determined by the limits of language itself. I suggest that is possible to find something similar in Foucauldian work: we cannot live outside any regime of truth. But Foucauldian position is different because he does not consider this ineluctability as a trap. From this difference on, their theoretical strategies diverge. Lacan makes the hypothesis of an impossible real that coincides with the very limits of language and identifies the end of the analysis with a paradoxical failure of the analysis itself. In his researches on subjectivation, Foucault remains in the field of what is possible. If we could have thought that the chiasmus would end with an elimination of the subject in Lacanian theory of the Real, and with a “return” of the subjects in Foucauldian last researches, it appears not to be the case. The chiasmus ends with an opposition between Lacanian Sinthome as an assumption of impossibility and the Foucauldian processes of subjectivation, as a never-ending field of possibility for new inventions.
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    Studi sull'edilizia domestica in Calabria dall'età coloniale all'Ellenismo
    (2019) Casalicchio, Alessandra; De Gaetano, Roberto; Paoletti, Maurizio
    The research project aims to reconstruct the development of the residential system of the Greek colonies in Calabria from the Colonial age until Hellenism, starting from the study of the Greek house in the motherland – considered from a typological, planimetric and functional point of view – to arrive to its comparisons with some case studies from Magna Graecian and Sicilian poleis and from other Calabrian indigenous centers. The analytical research of the different sites, both in Greece and Calabria, aims to determine the specific characteristics of the single domestic units, trying to reconstruct the cultural models of reference. From a methodological point of view, this study promotes the analysis of the many examples, highlighting the existence of different housing models. The various methodological approaches related to the domestic spaces have been examined, which have been used in Greece, as well as in Magna Graecia and Sicily. A seminal premise to the analysis of the development of the Greek housing model has been the description of the Greek house in the ancient literary sources, which have been used to understand the structural and functional characteristics and the aspects connected to the inner daily activities, in relation to archaeological evidences. Within the regular urban planning of the Greek poleis in Calabria, the housing structures show different typologies, reflecting the needs of the various social classes and of the geographical context. The analysis of the functional aspect of the different rooms is often more useful than the typological one, because it allows to detect a greater complexity in the use of space from the Archaic age to the Hellenism. A further purpose of the research was to analyze an oikos of Medma, the sub-colony of Locri Epizefiri, by considering the different spaces of the house and the archaeological materials, which came from the excavations done in 1978 in Montagnese’s property and that can be dated between the end of the 5th and the beginning of the 3rd century B.C. In addition, the analytical analysis of some Italic sites and case studies of Magna Graecia and Sicily has shown the presence of diversified housing units in a regular urban planning, with variations according to the historical period, the availability of building materials, the territorial morphology and, finally, to the influences from the local housing tradition. The housing of the Greek poleis in Calabria reflects the Greek models, that are often re-elaborated in a more independent way. Moreover, during the life phase of most of the houses we can observe how structural changes modify the primal planimetric framework and the consequential variation of the original reference model and, in some cases, of the surface extent in the housing units.
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    La piega di Deleuze tra Leibniz e il barocco
    (2019) D'Aurizio, Claudio; De Gaetano, Roberto; Palombi, Fabrizio; Ansaldi, Saverio
    The subject of my thesis is the concept of “fold” in the work of Gilles Deleuze, as it emerges in the late 80’s. My purpose is to show that the concept of fold can summarise the entirety of Deleuze’s philosophical project. As a matter of fact, its formulation allows to address all of the most important questions of his thought, and to adopt a different approach on the discussion and the solution of some philosophical problems, such as the theme of the subject and Deleuze’s conception of philosophy as a “creation of concepts”. By doing that, I try to follow and underline the several implicit references and the hidden theoretical pattern which compose the text of The Fold. Leibniz and the Baroque (1988). My work is composed of five chapters. The first one has an introductive character and consists of a reflexion on Deleuze’s philosophical reading method, which we define as “anamorphic”. The second chapter focuses on the presence of Leibniz in Difference and repetition (1968) and on the relevance of his thought in the creation of Deleuzes’ philosophical terminology. The third one is titled “A thousand folds”, paraphrasing the name of another work of Deleuze and Guattari. There I try to reconstruct the several theoretical lines that compose the concept of fold; furthermore, I try to underline the philosophical multiplicity of this concept. The fourth chapter focuses on the Baroque, which plays a fundamental role in Deleuze’s argumentations. Here I retrace his ideas about infinity and folding during the Baroque era. Then, I try to confront his theory with Walter Benjamin and Jacques Lacan’s lectures of Baroque. The last chapter deals with the concept of neobaroque and with its many manifestations.
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    L'invenzione della colonia nella letteratura tedesca tra XIX e XX secolo: il caso di Frieda von Bülow
    (2019) Ottavio, Francesca; De Gaetano, Roberto; La Manna, Federica
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    Pensare la pedagogia in prospettiva fenomenologico-esistenziale: Husserl, Heidegger, Jaspers
    (2019) Caputo, Francesca; De Gaetano, Roberto; Valenti, Antonella